Since January 1, 2025, 70 volcanic eruptions have been recorded worldwide — from explosive ash columns to relentless lava flows, both on land and beneath the oceans. Tracked by the Smithsonian Institution Global Volcanism Program, this level of activity is above average, with many eruptions concentrated along the Pacific Ring of Fire, but also appearing in Iceland, the Mediterranean, Africa, and remote island chains. Some eruptions made headlines. Many didn’t. All of them are part of Earth relea

Volcanoes 101 About 1,500 active volcanoes can be found around the world. Learn about the major types of volcanoes, the geological process behind eruptions, and where the most destructive volcanic eruption ever witnessed occurred. | Duncan Oil