The exploration for new oil, gas or metals is now a multibillion-dollar complex business. This industry has always been high-risk, as required investments are often large and do not always justify ...

Mineral processing, or beneficiation, is a critical stage of the extractive metallurgy chain that works to increase the concentration of valuable minerals and remove the gangue from the ore. The ...

Microwave treatment is emerging as a promising pre-conditioning technology in mineral processing that uses targeted electromagnetic energy to induce thermal stresses and microstructural changes in ...